December 04, 2019
Amitraj
MS-DOS:-
-> The DOS (Windows 9x) internal commands are so-named because their instructions are a part of COMMAND.COM, the DOS (Windows 9x) command processor, and COMMAND.COM is loaded into primary memory each time the DOS or Windows 9x OS is booted. Therefore, the internal commands are always in memory and can always be executed from every DOS command line prompt.
-> This is in contrast to the disk-bound external commands, which reside in secondary memory up until the moment they are needed. Only then are they loaded into primary memory,
providing that the operating system can find them on disk.
-> The syntax for some frequently used internal commands follows.
DOS Internal Commands:
mkdir or md
This command is used to create a new directory
cd
This command is used to change the directory.
rd
This command is used to remove an empty directory.
time
Displays the current system time and allows us to change it.
CLS
cls is a command that is used to clear the screen.
Color
Sets the default console foreground and background color.
copy
This command copies file from one location to another.
Date
Display the system date and allows us to change it.
del
Use to delete to one or more files.
dir
Display a list of file and directories.
move
Allow us to move file and directory from one location to another.
echo
Show the message typed on the screen again on console.
* DOS External Commands:-
CHKDSK
This command is used to check a disk and display a status report with properties of disk like serial number, volume label, memory and other properties along with errors on the disk if any.
TREE
This command is very useful to view the list of directories and subdirectories present on the disk in graphical form.
LABEL
This command is used to view or change the label of disk drives
BACKUP
Enables users to backup their data on other disk.
ATTRIB
This command is used to change various file settings or attributes.
Various options available are:
+h to hide a file
-h. to unhide a file
+r to make a file read only
-r to reverse a file from read only to normal.
EDIT
Used to create a file. Can also be used to change or modify the content of an existing file.
FORMAT
This command is used to format or erase a disk drive to a specified file system.
